You can alter the size and shape of the text on a web page with a range of properties, outlined below:
font-family
This is the font itself, such as Times New Roman, Arial, or Verdana.
The font you specify must be on the user's computer, so there is little point in using obscure fonts. There are a select few 'safe' fonts (the most commonly used are arial, verdana and times new roman), but you can specify more than one font, separated by commas. The purpose of this is that if the user does not have the first font you specify, the browser will go through the list until it finds one it does have. This is useful because different computers sometimes have different fonts installed. So
font-family: arial, helvetica
, for example, is used so that similar fonts are used on PC (which traditionally has arial, but not helvetica) and Apple Mac (which, traditionally, does not have arial and so helvetica, which it does normally have, will be used).
Note: if the name of a font is more than one word, it should be put in quotation marks, such as
font-family: "Times New Roman"
.font-size
The size of the font. Be careful with this - text such as headings should not just be a paragraph in a large font; you should still use headings (
h1
, h2
etc.) even though, in practice, you could make the font-size of a paragraph larger than that of a heading (not recommended for sensible people).font-weight
This states whether the text is bold or not. In practice this usually only works as
font-weight: bold
or font-weight: normal
. In theory it can also be bolder
, lighter
, 100
, 200
, 300
,400
, 500
, 600
, 700
, 800
or 900
, but seeing as many browsers shake their heads and say "I don't think so", it's safer to stick with bold
and normal
.font-style
This states whether the text is italic or not. It can be
font-style: italic
or font-style: normal
.text-decoration
This states whether the text is underlined or not. This can be:
text-decoration: overline
, which places a line above the text.text-decoration: line-through
, strike-through, which puts a line through the text.text-decoration: underline
should only be used for links because users generally expect underlined text to be links.
This property is usually used to decorate links, such as specifying no underline with
text-decoration: none
.text-transform
This will change the case of the text.
text-transform: capitalize
turns the first letter of every word into uppercase.text-transform: uppercase
turns everything into uppercase.text-transform: lowercase
turns everything into lowercase.text-transform: none
I'll leave for you to work out.
body {
font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;
font-size: 0.8em;
}
h1 {
font-size: 2em;
}
h2 {
font-size: 1.5em;
}
a {
text-decoration: none;
}
strong {
font-style: italic;
text-transform: uppercase;
}
Text spacing
The
letter-spacing
and word-spacing
properties are for spacing between letters or words. The value can be a length ornormal
.
The
line-height
property sets the height of the lines in an element, such as a paragraph, without adjusting the size of the font. It can be a number (which specifies a multiple of the font size, so '2' will be two times the font size, for example), a length, a percentage or normal
.
The
text-align
property will align the text inside an element to left
, right
, center
or justify
.
The
text-indent
property will indent
the first line of a paragraph, for example, to a given length or percentage. This is a style traditionally used in print, but rarely in digital media such as the web.
p {
letter-spacing: 0.5em;
word-spacing: 2em;
line-height: 1.5;
text-align: center;
}
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